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concrete structures in the north sea
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Since the seventies about 50 major floating concrete structures have been built for North Sea oil / gas development - concrete paves the way at sea.

 

No.Year InstalledOperatorField/UnitStructure TypeDepthLocationDesign by
11973PhillipsEkofiskTank - DORIS71 mNorth Sea (N)DORIS
21974Atlantic RichfieldArdjuna FieldLPG Barge43 mIndonesiaBerger/ABAM
31975MobilBeryl ACondeep 3 shafts118 mNorth Sea (UK)NC/Olav Olsen
41975ShellBrent BCondeep 3 shafts140 mNorth Sea (UK)NC/Olav Olsen
51975ElfFrigg CDP1CGS 1 shaft, Jarlan Wall104 mNorth Sea (UK)DORIS
61976ShellBrent DCondeep 3 shafts140 mNorth Sea (UK)NC/Olav Olsen
71976ElfFrigg TP1CGS 2 shafts104 mNorth Sea (UK)Sea Tank
81976ElfFrigg MCP-01CGS 1 shaft, Jarlan Wall94 mNorth Sea (N)DORIS
91977ShellDunlin ACGS 4 shafts153 mNorth Sea (UK)ANDOC
101977ElfFrigg TCP2Condeep 3 shafts104 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
111977MobilStatfjord ACondeep 3 shafts145 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
121977PetrobrasUbarana-Pub 3CGS caisson15 mBrazil ?
131978PetrobrasUbarana-Pub 2CGS caisson15 mBrazil ?
141978PetrobrasUbarana-Pag 2CGS caisson15 mBrazil ?
151978ShellCormorant ACGS 4 shafts149 mNorth Sea (UK)Sea Tank
161978ChevronNinian CentralCGS 1 shaft, Jarlan Wall136 mNorth Sea (UK)DORIS
171978ShellBrent CCGS 4 shafts141 mNorth Sea (UK)Sea Tank
181981MobilStatfjord BCondeep 4 shafts145 mNorth Sea (N)NC/olav Olsen
191981Amoco CanadaTarsiut Island4 hollow caissons16 mBeaufort Sea ?
201982PhillipsMaureen ALCConcrete base artic. LC92 mNorth Sea (UK) ?
211983TexacoSchwedeneck A*CGS Monotower25 mNorth Sea (D)DORIS/IMS
221983TexacoSchwedeneck B*CGS Monotower16 mNorth Sea (D)DORIS/IMS
231984MobilStatfjord CCondeep 4 shafts145 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olac Olsen
241984Global MarineSuper CIDSCGS caisson, Island16 mBeaufort Sea ?
251986StatoilGullfaks ACondeep 4 shafts135 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
261987StatoilGullfaks BCondeep 3 shafts141 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
271988Norsk Hydro]Oseberg ACondeep 4 shafts109 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
281989StatoilGullfaks CCondeep 4 shafts216 mNorth Sea (N)NC/olav Olsen
291989Hamilton BrosN. RavenspurnCGS 3 shafts42 mNorth Sea (UK)Arup
301989PhillipsEkofisk P.BCGS Protection Ring75 mNorth Sea (N)DORIS
311996Elf CongoN'KossaConcrete Barge170 mCongoBOS/Bouygues
321993ShellNAM F3-FBCGS 3 shafts43 mNorth Sea (NL)Hollandske Bet.
331992SagaSnorre Concrete Foundation Templates (CFT)3 cells suction anchores310 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
341993StatoilSleipner ACondeep 4 shafts82 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
351993ShellDraugenCondeep Monotower251 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
361994ConocoHeidrunCondeep350 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
371996BPHardingCGS109 mNorth Sea (UK)Taylor Wood Eng.
381995ShellTroll ACondeep 4 shafts303 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
391995ConocoHeidrun TLPConcrete TLP350 mNorth Sea (N)NC/Olav Olsen
401995Norsk HydroTroll BSemisub325 mNorth Sea (N)DORIS
411996EssoWest TunaCGS 3 shafts61 mAustraliaKinhill/DORIS
421996EssoBream BCGS 1 shaft61 mAustraliaKinhill/DORIS
431996AmpolexWandooCGS 4 shafts54 mAustraliaArup
441997MobilHiberniaCGS 4 shafts80 mCanadaDORIS
451999Amerada HessSouth ArneCGS 1 shaft60 mNorth Sea (DK)Taylor Woodrow
462000ShellMalampayaCGS 4 shafts43 mPhilippinesArup
472005Sakhalin Energy Investment Company Ltd. (SEIC)Lunskoye ACGS 4 shafts48 mSakhalin (R)AK/GMAO
482005Sakhalin Energy Investment Company Ltd. (SEIC)Sakhalin PA-BCGS 4 shafts30 mSakhalin (R)AK/GMAO
492008ExxonMobilAdriatic LNGLNG terminal29 mAdriatic Sea (I)AK/GMAO
502008MPU Heavy Lifter (MPU filed for bankruptcy before completion, it was thereafter demolished)Heavy Lift VesselLWAn/anaOlav Olsen

Concrete offshore structures are mostly used in the petroleum industry as drilling, extraction or storage units for crude oil or natural gas. Those large structures house machinery and equipment needed to drill and/or extract oil and gas. But concrete structures are not only limited to applications within the oil and gas industry. Several conceptual studies have shown recently, that concrete support structures for offshore wind turbines are very competitive compared to common steel structures, especially for larger water depths.

Depending on the circumstances, platforms may be attached to the ocean floor, consist of an artificial island, or be floating. Generally, offshore concrete structures are classified into fixed and floating structures. Fixed structures are mostly built as concrete gravity based structures (CGS, also termed as caisson type), where the loads bear down directly on the uppermost layers as soil pressure. The caisson provides buoyancy during construction and towing and acts also as a foundation structure in the operation phase. Furthermore, the caisson could be used as storage volume for oil or other liquids.

Floating units will be held in position by anchored wires or chains in a spread mooring pattern. Because of the low stiffness in those systems, the natural frequency is low and the structure can move in all six degrees of freedom. Floating units serve as productions units, storage and offloading units (FSO) or for crude oil or as terminals for liquefied natural gas (LNG). A more recent development is concrete sub-sea structures.

Concrete offshore structures show an excellent performance. They are highly durable, constructed of almost maintenance-free material, suitable for harsh and/or arctic environment (like ice and seismic regions), can carry heavy topsides, often offer storage capacities, are suitable for soft grounds ad are very economical for water depths larger than 150m. Most gravity-type platforms need no additional fixing because of their large foundation dimensions and extremely high weight.

Since the 1970s, several fixed concrete platform designs have been developed. Most of the designs have in common a base caisson (normally for storage of oil) and shafts penetrating the water surface to carry the topside. In the shafts normally utility systems for offloading, drilling, draw down and ballast are put up.

Concrete offshore platforms of the gravity-base type are almost always constructed in their vertical attitude. This allows the inshore installation of deck girders and equipment and the later transport of the whole structure to the installation site.

The most common concrete designs are:

  • Condeep (with one, two, three or four columns)
  • ANDOC (with four columns)
  • Sea Tank (with two or four columns)
  • C G Doris
  • Arup Concrete Gravity Substructure (CGS)


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Durability of concrete structures

Modelling field investigation of concrete structures in marine ambient.



-- Edited by admin on Friday 17th of February 2012 02:52:42 PM

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Reading List:

Basic Concrete Engineering for Builders with CDROM / Design of Concrete Structures / Strength Design for Reinforced - Concrete Hydraulic Structures Engineering Manual on CD / Design of Offshore Concrete Structures / Construction of Marine and Offshore Structures, Second Edition (Civil Engineering - Advisors) / The Dock Manual: Designing/Building/Maintaining / Theory and Design of Concrete Shells / Thin Shell Concrete Structures / design procedures of reinforced concrete shell structures (JGJT 22-98) / Understanding Structures / Concrete Planet: The Strange and Fascinating Story of the World's Most Common Man-made Material / Concrete Construction Manual (Construction Manuals (englisch)) / Large Wind Turbines: Design and Economics / Dynamics of Offshore Structures / Offshore Technology in Civil Engineering / Design of Offshore Concrete Structures / Concrete in the Marine Environment (Modern Concrete Technology)

-- Edited by admin on Thursday 15th of March 2012 11:28:40 PM

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Concrete Floating Structures

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yook3.com

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The big five business fields of ocean colonization: | oceanic transport | oceanic energy | oceanic real estate | deep sea mining | oceanic aquaculture |



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It takes a strong will and determination to work on projects like these. So, cheers to the highly skilled team. Quickly scan the services provided by favorable HPE partner in Dubai.



-- Edited by ryanfranklin on Thursday 14th of January 2021 09:32:24 AM

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Though concrete offshore structures are mostly used in the petroleum industry, it has now be come a real estate avenue as well. As a masonry contractor, I find a lot of scope and profit in undertaking floating home projects.

- Carl Cuperstone



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The basic design concept of concrete structures is based around three basic elements which include reinforcement, tensile strength, and corrosion resistance. Reinforcement is used to increase the structural strength of a concrete structure by adding metal or steel threads to the concrete. Tensile strength is increased by adding steel bars or by applying mechanical pressure to the concrete, while corrosion resistance is effected through materials such as steel reinforcing alloy, various types of concrete finishes, coatings, or stains. All of these factors need to be considered in the design and construction of any concrete structure and its longevity is dependent upon all of them.

 



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Latest educational news here 



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There are many benefits of using concrete for your property. If you are planning to use concrete for your home, choosing a reputable concrete company that can provide you with the best services is important.

 

Newport News Concrete Company



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That's fascinating! I had no idea that floating concrete structures played such a significant role in North Sea oil and gas development. It's impressive to think about the innovation and engineering behind these projects. Concrete definitely knows how to make waves, even in the open sea! Thanks for sharing this interesting tidbit. | concrete steps



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