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Water quality monitoring is one of the basic tools for protecting water resources. The results of water quality monitoring are often expressed in terms of data. Water quality monitoring is the basis for scientific research into water resource protection. If large amounts of water quality monitoring data are collected over a long period of time, the sources, distribution, migration and changes of pollutants can be studied and trends in water pollution can be predicted.

The rational development and use of water resources, the effective protection of water resources and governance programmes have all been carried out gradually under the guidance of scientific research results. The use of water resources has been guided by people based on a large amount of limited scientific knowledge, which is relatively scientific for a certain period of time, but also has certain limitations due to the constraints of scientific development.

Therefore, the development of water science and scientific research requires continuous deepening, excavation and discovery. Scientific research and development cannot be separated from the follow-up investigation and analysis of actual problems, and a large number of scientifically realistic water quality monitoring results can effectively contribute to the research and development of water science.

Water has a wide range of uses. Wherever there is water, there is life. The human body and most plants and animals are made up of water. Water is a very important and active factor in the natural and social environment: biological growth requires water intake, industrial production requires water, even transportation and landscaping require water.

Water is constantly flowing, in living things, in the soil, in factories, filling the world with life. Dirt is carried away by the flow of water, diluted and dissolved by nature, purified, and the environment and ecology are balanced. However, changes in the quality and quantity of water resources can also cause great disharmony.

Water quality monitoring is very important for the overall water environment protection, water pollution control and maintenance of water health. Therefore, monitoring and control of water resources must be strengthened to contain this disharmony in the cradle.